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5-Amino-1MQ

5-Amino-1MQ (5-amino-1-methylquinolinium) is a small lab-made molecule, not a peptide. It blocks NNMT, an enzyme in fat and muscle that uses up nicotinamide, a raw material for NAD+. In fat cells, blocking NNMT raised NAD+ levels. All published studies so far are in cells and mice, and most come from the team that developed it.

Not approved · research onlyWADA Not named; as an unapproved drug it falls under S0 (prohibited at all times)Checked October 2026
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Approval status

Not approved by any regulator. Published research is limited to cell and animal studies. It is not in any of FDA's compounding categories (May 2026 list).2476

What it’s used or studied for

  • Animal & lab only

    Reduced body weight and white fat in diet-induced obese mice, without changing how much they ate.24

  • Animal & lab only

    Improved glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity and fatty liver in obese mice.4

  • Animal & lab only

    Increased muscle stem cell activity, muscle repair and grip strength in old mice, alone and together with exercise.35

Each label shows how strong the evidence is: an approved use, human studies, animal or lab studies only, or a popular claim with no published studies. Being studied is not the same as being proven safe or effective.

Side effects

No human studies have been published, so side effects in people are unknown. Mouse studies reported no observable adverse effects or blood-test signs of toxicity, which does not show it is safe for people.23

Sources

  1. PubChem: 5-amino-1-methylquinolinium (CID 950107)
  2. Neelakantan H et al. Selective and membrane-permeable small molecule inhibitors of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase reverse high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 2018
  3. Neelakantan H et al. Small molecule nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor activates senescent muscle stem cells and improves regenerative capacity of aged skeletal muscle. Biochem Pharmacol. 2019
  4. Babula JJ et al. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition mitigates obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024
  5. Dimet-Wiley AL et al. Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition mimics and boosts exercise-mediated improvements in muscle function in aged mice. Sci Rep. 2024
  6. WADA 2026 Prohibited List
  7. FDA: Bulk drug substances nominated for use in compounding under section 503A (categories, updated May 14, 2026)

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